Boeing 747 specifications compared
Dimensions, weights, capacity, range and engines for every 747 generation, including the shortened 747SP and the stretched 747-8.
Every 747 generation compared. Figures are for a representative build of each variant; individual aircraft varied with engine choice and customer options, and maximum weights in particular were raised over a variant's production life.
Detailed specifications
The six later variants now have expanded specification sheets covering landing and zero-fuel weights, representative empty weight, structural payload, fuel and cargo volume. Each sheet identifies its planning configuration and Boeing manual page.
- 747-400 - passenger specification sheet
- 747-400ER - passenger specification sheet
- 747-400F - freighter specification sheet
- 747-400ERF - freighter specification sheet
- 747-8I - passenger specification sheet
- 747-8F - freighter specification sheet
Compare factory freighters for the -400F, -400ERF and -8F.
Download the detailed specifications as CSV or JSON. Downloads retain the configurations, units and source references.
Understanding the figures
- MTOW is the maximum design takeoff weight; MLW is the maximum design landing weight.
- MZFW limits aircraft weight before usable fuel is added.
- OEW includes the aircraft and operating equipment. It changes with engines, cabins and airline equipment.
- Structural payload is MZFW minus the representative OEW. It is a weight limit, not a promise of payload at a particular range.
- Cargo volume depends on container type and layout. Bulk and container spaces are listed separately.
Metric weights and volumes in the detailed sheets are converted from pounds and cubic feet; rounding may differ slightly from Boeing's metric columns.
Passenger seats and freighter payload are compared separately below. Range figures are historical published summaries, not guarantees for the weight configurations in the detailed sheets.
Dimensions
| Length | Wingspan | Height | Wing area | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 747-100 | 231 ft 10 in (70.66 m) | 195 ft 8 in (59.64 m) | 63 ft 5 in (19.33 m) | 5,500 sq ft (511 m²) |
| 747SP | 184 ft 9 in (56.31 m) | 195 ft 8 in (59.64 m) | 65 ft 5 in (19.94 m) | 5,500 sq ft (511 m²) |
| 747-200 | 231 ft 10 in (70.66 m) | 195 ft 8 in (59.64 m) | 63 ft 5 in (19.33 m) | 5,500 sq ft (511 m²) |
| 747-300 | 231 ft 10 in (70.66 m) | 195 ft 8 in (59.64 m) | 63 ft 5 in (19.33 m) | 5,500 sq ft (511 m²) |
| 747-400 | 231 ft 10 in (70.66 m) | 211 ft 5 in (64.44 m) | 63 ft 8 in (19.41 m) | 5,650 sq ft (525 m²) |
| 747-8 | 250 ft 2 in (76.25 m) | 224 ft 5 in (68.40 m) | 63 ft 6 in (19.35 m) | 5,960 sq ft (554 m²) |
Only two variants ever changed the fuselage length: the 747SP had nearly 48 ft removed, and the 747-8 had 18 ft 3 in added. Everything else in the family is the same length as the original.
The wingspan tells the other story. The classics all share one wing. The 747-400 added 6 ft wingtip extensions and 6 ft winglets; the 747-8 replaced the wing entirely with a new design using raked wingtips.
Weights
| Max takeoff weight | Notes | |
|---|---|---|
| 747-100 | 735,000 lb (333 t) | As first certified |
| 747-100B | 750,000 lb (340 t) | Strengthened airframe and gear |
| 747SP | 700,000 lb (318 t) | Lighter airframe, more fuel per seat |
| 747-200 | up to 833,000 lb (378 t) | |
| 747-300 | 833,000 lb (378 t) | Same weights as the -200 |
| 747-400 | 875,000 lb (396.9 t) | Empty weight 404,600 lb with PW4000s |
| 747-400ER / ERF | 910,000 lb (413 t) | The increase went to fuel |
| 747-8 | 987,000 lb (447.7 t) | Heaviest aircraft ever built in the US |
Two figures often quoted for the 747-8 are earlier ones: 970,000 lb was the programme design weight and 975,000 lb the initial freighter figure. The certified weight is 987,000 lb.
The 747-8F spent its weight increase differently from the 747-400ERF: the ERF's went almost entirely into fuel, buying range, while the -8F's went into zero-fuel weight, buying payload. That single decision is why the newer aircraft carries more but flies less far.
Capacity and performance
| Passengers (3-class) | Range | Cruise | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 747-100 | 366 | ~4,620 - 5,300 nmi | Mach 0.84 |
| 747SP | 276 | 5,830 nmi (10,800 km) | Mach 0.86 |
| 747-200B | 366 | ~6,560 nmi | Mach 0.84 |
| 747-300 | 400 | ~6,700 nmi | Mach 0.85 |
| 747-400 | 416 | 7,285 nmi (13,490 km) | Mach 0.855 |
| 747-400D | 568 (2-class), 660 max | Domestic sectors only | Mach 0.855 |
| 747-8I | 467 | 7,730 nmi (14,310 km) | Mach 0.855 |
Two rows deserve a second look. The 747SP carried the fewest passengers and flew the furthest of its generation - the entire point of the variant. The 747-400D carried the most people of any 747 ever certified and had no range to speak of, because it was built for one-hour sectors in Japan.
Freighter payload
| Variant | Representative structural payload | Planning basis |
|---|---|---|
| 747-400F | 271,046 lb (122,944 kg) | Boeing D6-58326-1, Revision F (December 2024), p. 2-8 |
| 747-400ERF | 248,600 lb (112,763 kg) | Boeing D6-58326-1, Revision F (December 2024), p. 2-12 |
| 747-8F | 292,400 lb (132,630 kg) | Boeing D6-58326-3, Revision E (January 2026), p. 2-2 |
These are structural payload examples. Range requires a specified payload, engine, cruise condition and reserve policy; see the freighter comparison for the weight and volume context.
Engines
| Options | Thrust | |
|---|---|---|
| 747-100 | Pratt & Whitney JT9D | ~46,000 - 50,000 lbf |
| 747-200 / -300 | JT9D, GE CF6, Rolls-Royce RB211 | ~46,500 - 54,750 lbf |
| 747-400 | PW4000, CF6-80C2, RB211-524G/H | 56,500 - 63,300 lbf |
| 747-8 | GE GEnx-2B67 only | 66,500 lbf |
More on all of them on the engines page, including why offering three engine choices on the -200 mattered more commercially than any technical improvement.
Fuel
| Capacity | |
|---|---|
| 747-400, GE planning example | 57,065 US gal (216,014 L), including optional tail fuel |
| 747-400ER, GE two-tank planning option | 63,240 US gal (239,389 L); differs from Qantas aircraft |
| 747-8I | 63,034 US gal (238,609 L) on page 2-3, including tail fuel; detailed tank table gives 59,734 US gal |
| 747-8F | 59,734 US gal (226,117 L), no tail fuel tank |
The two passenger 747-8 figures are not a conversion error: they appear in different tables in the same January 2026 Boeing revision. The fuel system page documents the discrepancy and covers the tank layout, transfer and jettison.
Production
| Variant | Built |
|---|---|
| 747-100 | 168 |
| 747SR (all) | 29 |
| 747-100B | 9 |
| 747SP | 45 |
| 747-200 (all) | 393 |
| 747-300 (all) | 81 |
| 747-400 (all) | 694 |
| 747-8 (all) | 155 |
| Total | 1,574 |
Those figures sum exactly to the 1,574 aircraft built between 1968 and the final delivery in January 2023.
The same totals are available in CSV and JSON on the Boeing 747 production data page.
Related
- The 747 family - every variant in detail
- 747 systems - how the aircraft works
- The 747-8 compared to the 747-400
Frequently asked questions
- How long is a Boeing 747?
- Most 747s are 231 ft 10 in (70.66 m) long - the -100 through the -400 all share that length. The 747-8 is longer at 250 ft 2 in (76.25 m), and the 747SP is much shorter at 184 ft 9 in (56.31 m).
- What is the wingspan of a Boeing 747?
- 195 ft 8 in (59.64 m) on the classics, 211 ft 5 in (64.44 m) on the 747-400 with its wingtip extensions and winglets, and 224 ft 5 in (68.40 m) on the 747-8, which has an entirely new wing.
- How much does a Boeing 747 weigh?
- Maximum takeoff weight rose from 735,000 lb (333 t) on the earliest 747-100 to 987,000 lb (447.7 t) on the 747-8 - the heaviest aircraft ever built in the United States.
- How much fuel does a Boeing 747 hold?
- Capacity depends on the variant and options. Representative Boeing figures range from 48,445 US gallons on a 747-100 to 63,460 gallons on some 747-400ER configurations. Boeing's January 2026 manual gives the passenger 747-8 as 63,034 gallons in one table and 59,734 gallons in its detailed tank table; the 747-8F is 59,734 gallons.
Sources
Facts on this page are checked against the primary and institutional references below.
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Compare Boeing 747-400F, 747-400ERF and 747-8F weights, structural payload, fuel and cargo volumes using identified Boeing planning configurations.
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The 747 has four independent hydraulic systems, one per engine, each with a backup pump - and the reasoning behind splitting them that way.
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